Standard toilets sit with the bare bowl rim — porcelain only, no seat attached — at roughly 14 to 15 inches off the floor, a dimension sometimes called "standard height" or, less charitably, "the old height." Comfort-height toilets raise that same measurement to roughly 16.5 to 17.5 inches, which is where the "about two inches taller" framing used throughout this guide comes from. It's also the dimension that accessibility guidelines for toilets are built around, which is why comfort-height models are sometimes labeled "ADA height" or "right height" on a listing even in homes with no accessibility requirement at all.
Two inches sounds small written down, and for a large share of adults it's a genuine improvement — less knee bend getting down, less effort pushing back up, which is the entire reason builders moved toward comfort height as the new default. The complication shows up specifically when you add a bidet seat, because "the toilet is two inches taller" and "sitting down on it feels two inches different" are not quite the same statement. A seat's own hinge posts, mounting plate, and — on electric models — its internal housing add height on top of the bowl rim, and that addition is constant regardless of what the bowl underneath is doing. Stack a seat's fixed height on top of a bowl that's already two inches taller than standard, and the total seated height climbs by the bowl's two inches plus whatever the seat itself adds. That's the arithmetic that catches people off guard, especially shorter adults and children, who report feeling like they're "perched" rather than seated.
This is distinct from, and compounds with, the round-vs-elongated measurement most buying guides lead with. Bowl shape is a front-to-back fit question entirely about whether the seat's footprint matches the porcelain; it has nothing to do with how tall the bowl sits off the floor. A comfort-height bowl is just as likely to be round or elongated as a standard-height one, and a seat that fits the shape perfectly can still sit uncomfortably tall if nobody checked the height side of the equation. Treat the two measurements as separate checks, not one.