Seats split into two camps here, and which one you own changes how you troubleshoot almost entirely.
Digital-display seats show an actual alphanumeric code — something like a letter followed by one or two digits — directly on an LCD or LED display built into the panel or remote. That code maps to a specific line in the manual's troubleshooting table, so there's no counting or guessing involved: you read the code, you look it up, you know exactly which subsystem tripped. This is the setup on the Electric Bidet Toilet Seat Elongated with Digital Display Remote in our database — a digital readout is the single biggest troubleshooting advantage a seat can have, precisely because it removes the ambiguity that blink-counting introduces.
Basic LED-indicator seats have no screen at all — just one or two small colored lights. On these, the fault code is transmitted through a blink pattern: a certain number of flashes, a pause, then sometimes a second group of flashes. A pattern might read as three quick flashes, a half-second pause, then one more flash — and that specific rhythm, not just "it's blinking," is the actual code. Manufacturers publish the decode table for this in the manual, almost always near the very back, because the pattern itself is meaningless without it. If you've lost the manual, most manufacturer support sites keep a PDF archive searchable by model number, and that's faster than guessing.
Whichever camp your seat falls into, it's worth checking the exact listing or manual before assuming — not every seat with a visible screen is reporting error codes on it; some displays are purely for temperature and pressure settings and still rely on a separate blink-code LED for faults. And if you're shopping used or inherited a seat secondhand, double-check it isn't a rebadged clone listing wearing an unfamiliar brand name — those frequently ship with a blink-code chart that doesn't match the printed manual at all, because the manual was translated for a different market.